Parks Canada Publications

• Belland, , R. and W. Schofield. 1994 The bryophytes of Fundy National Park. Fundy National Park, Rep-FNP 01731.
  
  
• Bishop, D. J. 1995. A look at small mammal mycophagy in mature and plantation forests in southern New Brunswick. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN 95-12.
  
  
• Bourgeois, M.C. 1995. Marten research study in Fundy National Park. Fundy National Park Res. Cons. Sect. Rep-FNP 01826.
  
  
• Bourgeois, M.C. 1995. Preliminary report on American marten habitat associations and winter foraging activity in Fundy National Park. Unpublished manuscript of Parks Canada, Alma, N.B. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-14 49 p.
  
  
• Burrows, F.G. 1993. A review of the marten (Martes americana) reintroduction in Fundy National Park, New Brunswick - 1980-1993. Fundy National Park Resource Monitoring Program. Rep-FNP 01899.
  
  
• Christie, D. 1997. Status of the avian community of Fundy National Park, and its greater ecosystem. Parks Canada - Ecosystem Science Review Reports, 36 p.

  This report summarizes knowledge of birds in Fundy National Park. Climactic, topographic and biotic factors that affect birds in the park are outlined. From 1978-79 and 1992 surveys, species richness, biodiversity index, populations density and principal species are listed for each of the park’s avian communities during the breeding season. Recent population changes are discussed; human settlement, forest harvesting and population fluctuations of spruce budworm, and a defoliating insect, have been important factors causing change. There has been a greater proportion of declines among birds that migrate to the tropics for the winter than among those that winter in temperate regions.

• Christie, D. 1993. Survey of breeding birds in Fundy National Park, 1992 Volume I: Survey methods and results. Canadian Parks Service Contract no. FNP92-004.
  
  
• Clay, D. 1997. Can permanent sample plots conducted by non-foresters be used for monitoring? Unpublished paper, Fundy National Park, 25 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. and Butland, S. 1997. Population and movement of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in a small forest stream. Research Notes of Fundy National Park, 21 p.

  This study was conducted in a 1025m stretch of a 1st order forest stream in Fundy National Park. The population of brook trout, over the 8cm fork length, was estimated to be about 2 fish per linear meter or 0.9m2. The density was lower in headwater areas (first 350m), the remaining study area (675m) had relatively uniform density. Movement varied between the two study years. There were 10 times as many fish passing the counting fence in 1995, a relatively dry year, compared to 1996, a wetter than average year. Within plot site fidelity during 1996 indicated movement was affected by precipitation (a negative relation) and water temperature (a positive relation).

• Clay, D. 1996. Status of amphibians and reptiles of Fundy National Park and its greater ecosystem. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/96-0x, 38 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. and H. Clay. 1996. Reproductive success of the Common Loon (Gavia immer) on a small oligotropic lake in eastern Canada. Unpublished report, Fundy National Park, 18 p.

  Wolfe Lake, Fundy National Park, is marginal Common Loon (Gavia immer) habitat due to its small size (22 ha) and its low primary productivity. A pair of Common Loons has nested on Wolfe Lake every year since 1989. The production from this pair has been 1.4 fledged young per year. The growth of the chicks is near linear for the first 6 to 7 weeks.

• Clay, D. and S. Butland. 1997. Population and movement of brook trout (Salvenlinus fontinalis) in a small forest stream. Unpublished paper, Fundy National Park, 13 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. 1995. Monitoring of the maritime Acadian forest in a protected area, Fundy National Park. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. 94-09 25 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. 1996. Biodiversity of forest birds in Fundy National Park: Observations from 3 years of volunteer surveys. Research notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/96-06.
  
  
• Clay, D. 1996. Data: our most valuable asset and the need for a management strategy. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/96-04 5 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. 1994. Spring bird survey of Fundy National Park: Protocols and 1993 results. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/94-01 21 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. and C.Coles. 1995. Data management of air/water climate data in Fundy National Park. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-06.
  
  
• Clay, D. and S. Flemming. 1993. A draft publication policy for park science: the cost of inaction and the need for action. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/93-01 33 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. and M. Jones. 1993. Fish population surveys in Fundy National Park: protocols for instream electrofishing. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-04 52 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. and S. Richard. 1993. Procedure used for surveying understory vegetation in Fundy National Park. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/93-07. 16 p.
  
  
• Clay, D., and S. Richard. 1993. Plants of Fundy National Park: The herbarium and a systematic list with codes. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/93-02. 114 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. and S. Richard. 1995. Procedure for surveying aquatic macrophytes: Results from MacLaren Pond, Fundy National Park. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-23. 22 p.
  
  
• Clay, D., J. Brownlie, and T. Watts. 1994. Monitoring amphibians of small ponds in a protected area of Atlantic Canada, Fundy National Park. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/94-10.
  
  
• Clay, D. 1994. Integrated resource management: a tool for the non-management of biodiversity. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/94-04 7 p.
  
  
• Clay, D. and B. Betts. 1995. Reading List with KWIC Index for the Greater Fundy Ecosystem. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No.FUN/95-24.
  
  
• Clay, H. and D. Clay. 1994. Common loons (Gavia immer) on Wolfe Lake, Fundy National Park, Canada. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. 94-07. 20 p.

  Common Loons (Gavia immer) and Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) are shown to overwinter along the coastal zone of the Bay of Fundy. The Christmas Bird Count, a volunteer monitoring survey, was used to trace 30 year trends in Common Loon population distribution and abundance. The population of Common Loons along the Nova Scotia shore appeared stable though variable while the New Brunswick population appeared to be increasing. There is an indication that the change in numbers reflects a true increase in abundance of over wintering Common Loons within the Bay of Fundy and not simply a change in distribution.

• Cooper, L. and D. Clay. 1994. An historical review of logging and river driving in Fundy National Park. Unpublished manuscript of Fundy National Park No. FUN/ 94-05.
  
  
• Cormier, J.R. and D. McPhee. 1993. Forest insects and diseases in Fundy National Park in 1992. Technical Note No. 276, Rep-FNP 04123.
  
  
• Daigle, E., G. Forbes, W. Emrich, and W. Ballard. 1999. Black bear characteristics at forest stand and site scales, New Brunswick, Pp.95-103 In Forbes, G. and E. Daigle (eds.) 1999. Black Bear Ecology and Management Issues for Atlantic Canadian National Parks. Parks Canada Ecosystem Science Review Report 013 111 p.

  This paper describes black bear den characteristics at the landscape, stand, and site scales in the Greater Fundy Ecosystem. A total of 21 bears were radio-tagged from spring 1993 - fall 1994. A total of 14 bears provided data over three winters (27 dens). No evidence was found that bears selected the roadless region of the Park over the dense network of logging roads located outside the Park. At the stand level, no apparent selection or avoidance of a particular forest cover was apparent. However, age of the stand appeared to be an important factor. The majority of dens were located in mature-overmature forest stands. At the site level, softwood dominated forest types contained all of the den types. Canopy closure above the majority of dens was high (70-100%). The typical den in the GFE was located under the base of a fallen tree (65% of dens).

• Edsal, J. and D. Clay. 1994. Preliminary survey of Lepidoptera in Fundy National Park. Fundy National Park Research Notes No. FUN/94-06.
  
  
• Fischer, A., A. Moffat, J. Pezzack, J. Weldon, and J. Winbourne. 1997. Biological Diversity Plots in Fundy National Park: a potential site for ecological research. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/97-09, 28 p.

  This report outlines the biodiversity monitoring and research that Fundy NP is undertaking. In addition, the role of ecological monitoring and research, the methodology of SI/MAB and the Fundy initiative are discussed. A compendium of the characteristics of the park’s biodiversity plots is provided with extensive appendices summarizing available data.

• Forbes, G. 1999. An overview of black bear ecology in Fundy National Park, Pp.55-56 In Forbes, G. and E. Daigle (eds.) 1999. Black Bear Ecology and Management Issues for Atlantic Canadian National Parks. Parks Canada Ecosystem Science Review Report 013 111p.

  This paper provides a brief description of black bear research that occurred in Fundy National Park from 1993-1995. Previously only one large-scale research project had been conduced on bears in New Brunswick. The black bear was chosen as an indicator species of road-related issues in the GFE.

• Forbes, G. and E. Daigle (editors). 1999. Black Bear Ecology and Management Issues for Atlantic Canadian National Parks. Science Technical Series. Parks Canada-Atlantic Region. Halifax, NS. 111 p.

  These proceedings represent the most recent research compiled on black bears and their habitats in and around Atlantic Canada’s national parks. The concept of the potential role of parks as refugia for bear populations seemed to be limited, at best, to the largest of the parks (Cape Breton and Gros Morne). It was concluded that bear populations in all Atlantic parks, to some extent, are influenced by habitat and hunting practices outside the park boundaries. Suggestions for future action include the call for increased cooperation with such partners as provincial wildlife managers in an effort to enhance the role of Atlantic Canada’s parks in maintaining viable black bear populations.

• Forbes, G., D. Johnson, E. Daigle, P. Chamberland, and W. Ballard. 1999. Ecological magnets and black bears in the Greater Fundy Ecosystem, Pp.57-68 In Forbes, G. and E. Daigle (eds.) 1999. Black Bear Ecology and Management Issues for Atlantic Canadian National Parks. Parks Canada Ecosystem Science Review Report 013 111 p.

  The objective of this paper was to assess the effect that apple trees in Fundy National Park are having on black bear feeding patterns. This research project developed from the question of whether to eliminate apple trees to rehabilitate native biodiversity. Twenty-three bears were radio-collared and monitored in Fundy National Park (FNP). Data indicated that several male bears with home ranges >200 km2 spent much of the fall in the apple areas of the Park. One of six female bears radio-collared in 1995 frequented the areas around the apple trees. It was determined that alternative food to apples does exist in and around FNP. However, in the fall when fatty foods are sparse, bait stations surrounding the park tend to be heavily used by bears. Increased use would elevate bear mortality. It was concluded that apple trees are an important habitat for black bears at a critical period in Fundy National Park.

• Forbes, G., P. Chamberland, E. Daigle, and W. Ballard. 1999. The lack of problem bear issues in Fundy National Park, Pp.89-94 In Forbes, G. and E. Daigle (eds.) 1999. Black Bear Ecology and Management Issues for Atlantic Canadian National Parks. Parks Canada Ecosystem Science Review Report 013 111 p.
  
  
• Gerrow, S. 1995. Habitat association, home range, nest site selection, and diet of the Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus), in the Greater Fundy Ecosystem. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No.FUN/95-16, 34 p.
  
  
• Holloway, G.L., S. Flemming, E. Watts, P. Lawrance and P. Smith. 1996. Selection of trees for excavation foraging by Pileated Woodpeckers (Dryocopus pileatus) in Fundy National Park andthe surrounding fragmented forest landscape, New Brunswick. Parks Canada, Technical Reports in Ecosystem Science. Report No. X. Fundy National Park, N.B. 20 p.
  
  
• Jones, M. 1996. Atlantic salmon biology in the Point Wolfe river, Fundy National Park: Summary of data collected in 1995 and considerations for 1996 field season. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/ 96-03 11 p.
  
  
• Jones, M.W. 1995. Conservation genetics and life history variation of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in eastern Canada. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-03 147 p.
  
  
• Jones, M.W. and D. Clay. 1995. Components of the Atlantic salmon database in Fundy National Park: 1957-1994. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-13.
  
  
• Keith, T. 1995. Preliminary Ecosystem Profile of the Fundy Node of the Atlantic-Maritime Ecosystem Science Cooperative; Including a Synopsis of Ecological Research and Monitoring Activity. Consultants Report Submitted to Parks Canada, March 24 1995.
  
  
• Locke, B. 1995. Chemical analysis of otolith microstructure using proton microprobe techniques, and its application in examining life history variation in anadromous brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) populations. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-20 78 p.
  
  
• Meikle, O. 1995. Forest insects and diseases in Fundy National Park in 1994. Technical Note No. 310.
  
  
• Meikle, O. and J.Hurley. 1994. Forest insects and diseases in Fundy National Park in 1993. Technical Note No. 296.
  
  
• Sinclair, G. 1993. Peregrine falcon reintroduction December 1992 Update Report Fundy National Park. Resource Conservation, Fundy National Park.
  
  
• Taylor, C. 1994. An iceberg-tip survey of the fungi of Fundy National Park. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/94-02.
  
  
• Thomas, A., J. Edsall, and D. Clay. 1998. Biodiversity Survey of Moths of Fundy National Park. Parks Canada - Technical Reports in Ecosystem Science No. 017, 33 p.
  
  
• Thomas, A. 1997. Status of butterflies of Fundy National Park and its greater ecosystem. Parks Canada Ecosystem Science Review Reports, no. 004, 15 p.
  
  
• Thomas, A. and D. Clay. 1995. Effect of forest practices on species diversity: a preliminary report. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN/95-18.
  
  
• Thomas, A. and D. Clay. 1995. Moth species diversity in May in Fundy National Park. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. FUN95-21 20 p.
  
  
• Watts, T. 1994. Disturbed sites in Fundy National Park: an inventory with recommendations. Research Notes of Fundy National Park No. 94-08 24 p.

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